What Are the Specific Health Risks of Vaping?

What are the dangers of e-cigarettes?

Regarding the safety and toxicity of e-cigarettes,"mainstream media" always release "blockbuster bombs" every once in a while. Let's take Baidu search as an example. Information about e-cigarettes can be searched for: e-cigarettes acetaldehyde exceeds the standard, tobacco oil is mixed with fluorescent agents, butanedione can cause popcorn lungs, nicotine is harmful, and propylene glycol common in China causes serious consequences.

There is no way to verify the authenticity of this information, but it is obvious that there are taken out of context, exaggerated or lack of relevant historical comparisons. This kind of "half-truth" information lacks authority and fairness and will undoubtedly mislead people who are about to enter the door of vape (e-cigarettes).

First of all, I want to clarify one fact, e-cigarettes are not harmless! E-cigarettes are not harmless! E-cigarettes are not harmless! (Say important things three times)

However, existing research data shows that e-cigarettes are much less harmful to the human body than smoking cigarettes (only about 5% of the harm caused by cigarettes), which means that at present, for smokers, using e-cigarettes will be less harmful than cigarettes.

All the arguments in this article about acetaldehyde, diacetyl, nicotine, and propylene glycol come from the E-cigarettes: an evidence update A report commissioned by Public Health England by the Department of Public Health (PHE), an executive agency sponsored by the UK Department of Health, co-authored by King's College London, Queen Mary University of London, and the University of Nottingham (the UK Center for Alcohol and Tobacco Research), which is the source of evidence for the BBC documentary "E-Cigarettes: Miracles or Threats".

PS: (A download link for the paper will be posted at the end of this article. There are links to all arguments and evidence and links to the original report in the article)

- Aldehyde hazard theory-

What are the hazards of e-cigarettes

The first is the rumor about aldehydes, which was caused by a report from Japan in The Japan Times. E-cigs pose much higher cancer risk than thought: Japanese study. 28 November201401/05/15];Availablefrom:

http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2014/11/28/national/science-health/e- cigarettes-contain-10-times-carcinogens-regular-tobacco-japan-research/#.VOOJbiyMjdU.

What this article describes is that formaldehyde ten times higher than that of cigarettes was found in a certain product, which was widely reported in China. However, this test did not publish research data, but the possibility of this research result was found in several other sources.

During the test, the maximum power was used for testing, and each inhalation time was 3-4 seconds. During the test throughout the day, formaldehyde content higher than cigarette smoke would be generated more than 5-15 times.

For real e-cigarette users, the test results, environment and conditions are equivalent to a "paste core" situation. In normal use, most people will not inhale continuously for 4 seconds with the highest power (more than 200W), unless you can accept the paste smell of cotton or have developed an iron lung. (In normal use, the power is usually 20- 80W, and the average is about 2 seconds per inhale)

There is also a paper that said that e-cigarette vapor can aggravate lung infection with bacteria. The experiment reached the conclusion through testing on mice.

However, the experiment did not take into account the stress response and decline in physical function of the mice (uninterrupted shock and severe weight loss), and did not compare it with cigarette smoke.

What are the hazards of e-cigarettes

The actual situation is that people who use e-cigarettes have significantly improved their respiratory diseases, and the only adverse reactions are local irritation and dry mouth (except for allergies to PG components).

What are the hazards of e-cigarettes

This is a comparison table between cigarettes and e-cigarettes translated by zippers. It can be found that the content of toxic compounds produced by e-cigarettes is much lower than that of cigarettes, and none of them meet the harmful standards (regardless of the dose, poisoning is a hooligan).

What are the hazards of e-cigarettes

Summary of survey results (directly extracted from the paper content)

Two recent global media headlines declared that using e-cigarettes is dangerous. These conclusions are based on distorted research. High formaldehyde is produced only when the tobacco oil is overheated to a temperature where the taste is difficult for e-cigarette users (vapor users). But there is no indication that the vapor is exposed to dangerous levels of aldehydes.# p#pagination title #e#

Compared with exposure to bacteria or viruses, high-stress rats were more likely to lose weight or die when exposed to ultra-high nicotine twice a day for two weeks. But this has nothing to do with human vapor.

The ongoing negative media campaign appears to provide a reasonable explanation for the changes in e-cigarette safety (see Chapter 8).

None of the above studies changes the conclusions of Professor Britton's 2014 assessment of PHE. Although smoking e-cigarettes may not be 100% safe, most chemicals that can cause smoking-related diseases are not present in tobacco oil, and the chemicals in tobacco oil pose only a limited threat. It was previously estimated that smoking e-cigarettes was 95% safer than smoking [10,146], but it still seems to be a reasonable estimate.

- Popcorn Lung-

What are the hazards of e-cigarettes

The "popcorn lungs" that were once a stir caused by diacetyl is the only case so far caused by smoking e-cigarettes. Should we regard this as an incident that scares us?

Moreover, this incident only pointed out that some e-cigarette liquids contain butanedione, but did not mention the butanedione content in cigarettes. In fact, the average butanedione content in cigarettes is 750 times that of e-cigarettes! Seeing this, are you still worried?

(Data support is provided in the original paper)

-PG propylene glycol is harmful-

What are the hazards of e-cigarettes

There is no doubt that propylene glycol has a irritating effect on the respiratory system. However, the first aid method announced is: breathe more fresh air and rest, and continue to use e-cigarettes even if you already feel respiratory discomfort. The situation is obviously unlikely. There are too many things taken out of context. For example, the well-known domestic video media "Flying saucer Talk" once published such a popular science video criticizing e-cigarettes.

We need to sharpen our eyes, think about problems with a rational attitude, and not blindly believe them. We can query and compare many materials ourselves before drawing conclusions.

Of course, many people in China have a deep misunderstanding of it, so under the guidance of some reports, they criticized e-cigarettes without thinking and maliciously smeared it. This involves the next issue, nicotine.

- The theory that nicotine is harmful-

What are the hazards of e-cigarettes

I have to say the following here first. Nicotine is a highly toxic substance with strong permeability and can quickly penetrate into the human body through skin and mucous membranes. Currently, the domestic dose for nicotine poisoning deaths is known to be about 50-70mg. Nicotine can kill you.

However, there is evidence that most deaths from nicotine poisoning are chronic poisoning and die without timely treatment. Rapid intake of large amounts of nicotine will cause the body's stress response (vomiting) and expel most of the nicotine, so the risk of nicotine is not as high as imagined (except for intravenous injection).

There is another point that needs to be mentioned here. A certain component in tobacco oil suppresses the absorption rate of nicotine, so it takes longer for e-cigarettes to reach the nicotine threshold than cigarettes.

The topic of "nicotine causes cancer" is still uncertain internationally.(The U.S. FDA has admitted that nicotine does not cause cancer.) Domestic people usually confuse nicotine with tar. This leads to a greater resistance reaction when I talk about the presence of nicotine in tobacco oil, people think that nicotine is also a carcinogen. However, nicotine is widely present in nightshade plants (tomatoes, eggplants)(However, people generally do not believe what the vaporors say, so reliable sources of evidence are needed).

Research reports show that the amount of nicotine released into the air by e-cigarettes is only 1/1000 of that of cigarettes. After testing, the amount of nicotine in people who smoke second-hand steam is only equivalent to that of eating tomatoes. And you don't need to worry about using cigarette oil with a high nicotine content (36mg/ml). You will obviously feel dizziness and other adverse reactions before poisoning. If you still insist on smoking e-cigarettes in this situation, you will face The risk of poisoning (no one would do that).# p#pagination title #e#

Another issue that we vaper are more concerned about is whether the actual nicotine in the tobacco oil matches the label on the tobacco oil bottle.

The researchers 'testing results of 400 types of tobacco oils show that most of the tobacco oils now meet the labeled nicotine content and do not exceed the standard. However, the actual nicotine level is lower than the labeled one more frequently occurs (0mg does not contain nicotine).

Another strange phenomenon is that foreign countries call tobacco oil with a nicotine content of 16-20mg/ml mild (domestic 0-3mg), which is very difficult to accept. There is also a very important point, which has been mentioned many times in the paper. Because the taste of tobacco oil can easily attract children to take it by mistake, please place the tobacco oil in a place where children cannot reach it! Please keep smoking oil out of the reach of children! Please keep smoking oil out of the reach of children!

- Fluorescent agent-

What are the hazards of e-cigarettes

Initially, someone discovered that blueberry beaded tobacco oil was exposed to ultraviolet light and found reflected fluorescence. What followed was that a large amount of tobacco oil was found to have fluorescence after ultraviolet light irradiation, causing widespread panic.

But are these speculations really necessary? The role of fluorescent agents is to brighten paper. For example, raw wood pulp will still turn yellow after processing, so fluorescent agents need to be added to make it look whiter. But is it necessary to brighten tobacco oil? Adding pigments is true, right? Okay, even if the manufacturer adds fluorescent agents, is the fluorescent agents really as scary as you think?

"According to the" Acute Toxicity Dose Classification Table "in normative Appendix D of the national standard" GB 151933 - 2003 Acute Toxicity Tests ", fluorescent brighteners are non-toxic and have the same level of acute toxicity as daily edible salt. In other words, fluorescent agents are as safe as salt, and the lethal doses of the two are very close. In an understandable way, like salt, it can only be life-threatening if it is eaten more than 50 grams at a time."

What are the hazards of e-cigarettes

Would you consume such a high dose of fluorescent agent? And will tobacco oil really add fluorescent agents?

In fact, this "fluorescence phenomenon" occurs not only in tobacco oil, but also in some foods, medicines, and cosmetics. This is a natural phenomenon and does not mean that fluorescent agents have been added!

Fluorescence is widespread in nature. Organisms, plants, molds, minerals, etc. will produce fluorescence reactions under ultraviolet light, including a large number of synthetic additives, so there is no need to worry too much about "fluorescence".

- Tianya Community Lung Bubble Theory-

What are the hazards of e-cigarettes

I believe that all veteran players will not believe this question. Here's the story. After using e-cigarettes for a period of time, the victim found that he was sick. He immediately went to the hospital for an examination and found that there were pulmonary blisters in his lungs. After consulting the doctor, he immediately blamed all the blame on the use of e-cigarettes.

Let's now look at the formation of pulmonary bullae:

"Bullae are generally secondary to inflammatory lesions in small bronchi, such as pneumonia, tuberculosis or emphysema. There are also some idiopathic bullae whose causes are unclear. After inflammatory lesions occur in the small bronchi, edema and stenosis appear, and the lumen is partially blocked, creating a valve effect, allowing air to enter the alveoli but is difficult to be expelled, causing the pressure in the alveolar cavity to increase; at the same time, inflammation damages the lung tissue, and the alveolar walls and The interval gradually ruptures due to the increase in the pressure in the alveoli, and the alveoli merge with each other to form a large gas-containing cavity.

Under the microscope, the alveolar walls can be seen as alveolar flattened epithelial cells, and sometimes only fibrous membranes or fibrous connective tissue may exist.

There are single or multiple bullae. Those secondary to pneumonia or tuberculosis are often single; those secondary to emphysema are often multiple, and the boundaries between the large blisters and the lung tissue with emphysa-like changes are often unclear. Emphysema with obvious bullae is also called bullae emphysema [1]"

What are the hazards of e-cigarettes

During long-term use of cigarettes, inflammation of small bronchus may have been caused. During the use of e-cigarettes, e-cigarettes have no effect on treating bronchitis, and then worsens, leading to the appearance of pulmonary bullae. In any case, the responsibility for this situation cannot be attributed to the use of e-cigarettes (of course, the use of low-quality cigarette oil may still make it worse).

And there are no other examples of pulmonary bullae among hundreds of thousands of e-cigarette users in China. Should this be recorded as an accidental incident? In any case, the physical problems caused by e-cigarettes are orders of magnitude less than those caused by cigarettes.# p#pagination title #e#

- Summary-

What are the hazards of e-cigarettes

There are some reasons why e-cigarettes are difficult to promote in China nowadays. The public does not understand them, and the media promotes negative public opinion (even completely ignores correctness). These are views outside the circle. Various toxic theories are often heard within the e-cigarette circle. Many players forward these rumors that are not supported by actual theory without thinking. Here, I also urge all players to think rationally. Many rumors can be cracked with a little deliberation.

Most of the domestic mainstream search results are negative news about e-cigarettes, while the replies are full of comments that e-cigarettes are harmful to parties and advertising merchants. This leads to players being listed as merchants once they refute and being criticized by a completely unthoughtful tone. This has seriously affected the normal development of e-cigarettes in China, so I hope that when you see such information, you can refute it with reasonable evidence and not be distracted (pay attention to elegant words).

Here, I sincerely hope that everyone can promote e-cigarettes to people around you and not blindly compare the value of equipment (Being able to obtain a better experience with operating technology is really awesome.) Calm communication technology and emotion in life lead newcomers to enter this circle step by step and do their best to change the people's views on e-cigarettes around us. Only in this way can e-cigarettes develop healthily, bring benefits to more smokers, and help us no longer be lonely on the road to vape.