Stay away from excessive vapor, don’t fear nicotine — Dr. K. Farsalinos’s contributions to vaping re
“The message I want to convey to Vapers is that your level of use determines the risk: the more e-cigarette liquid you consume, the more susceptible you are to toxicity, and nicotine is harmless. Direct lung aspiration is pleasant, but it is a dangerous model. This at least lets you know what the risks are.& quot;
----k . Dr. Farsalinos
Dr. Konstantinos Farsalinos expressed this view in a new scientific publication in 2016. As always, he tried to expose pseudoscience. His first observation is that compared with previous years, the number of research reports on e-cigarettes is increasing. andIn these publications, more and more people are reporting misleading information。
His speech at the 2016 French E-Cigarette Expo talked aboutchemistry study(Aldehydes, dry burning phenomenon, outdated equipment, seasonings),#p #pagination title #e #toxicology studies(exposure dose),clinical study(Focusing on unrelated animal research), and talked about different ways to study the harm of e-cigarettes to humans.
chemistry study
Aldehydes: formaldehyde and acrolein
As early as 2013, scientists realized that e-cigarettes release aldehydes (formaldehyde). On this basis, the researchers proved the following yearVoltage plays an important role in the release of aldehydes。In addition, the equipment used for such research is outdated, so when publications are released to the public, they are actually talking about an outdated way of use.
#p#Pagination Title #e#In an article published in the New England Journal of Medicine, one author calculated that over the course of life, the cancer risk of using e-cigarettes is 5-15 times higher than that of ordinary smokers. Dr. Farsalinos and his team solved this issue and determined thatDry burning may be the reason for this data。
The researchers did not rule out aldehydes in e-cigarette emissions, but dry burning is a special situation that usually does not occur when e-cigarettes are used, orAt least it can be easily recognized and avoided by users。
An Italian research team has confirmed a relationship between device power and aldehyde concentrations, confirming that the risk of cancer is much lower than originally believed. In addition, the relationship between aldehyde release and power is not linear, which means that when the user realizes that the taste of the steam has changed, aldehyde release remains at a very low level.
The research team led by Dr. K.Farsalinos decided to replicate M. Goneewicz's original research and included humans in the research subjects. Humans can distinguish the taste of steam and thereby identify dry burning phenomena, so they will be the only reasonable subjects. In the study, in order to produce dry burning, they gradually increased the voltage and asked participants about their impressions of the taste. They set the limit for normal use to 4.0V, and observed that starting from 4.0V, dry burning may occur in the CE4 they use.# p#pagination title #e#
Liquid consumption was measured based on voltage, and the researchers found a positive correlation between the two. Based on this observation, the researchers observed thatIncreasing the voltage of the equipment consumes a large amount of tobacco oil, which greatly increases the production of aldehydes and more harmful substances: They found that the release equivalent of harmful substances at a voltage of 5.0 V can reach 7 to 8 times compared to 4.2 V.
clinical study
Some studies mention asthma but ignore clinical studies conducted by Ricardo Polosa that showed the indirect benefits of e-cigarettes on human health.
K.Farsalinos recalled a case of arteriosclerosis reported at a conference in the British Sun and said that the acute symptoms of the study were inconsistent with relevant observations. In fact, nicotine is no more harmful to the human body than caffeine. He believes it is not surprising to obtain false positive results under such poor conditions. The same results are observed when patients are given nicotine gum and when people drink coffee.# p#pagination title #e#
The debate about nicotine is itself misleading
As we all know, nicotine is not the main risk factor for any smoker.
----K.Farsalinos
Scientists say that in general, users often misunderstand some basic aspects of nicotine when using e-cigarettes.
An important conclusion drawn from Dr. K.Farsalinos 'research is that #p#pagination title #e#Increasing consumption of e-liquid increases the risk. For example, changes in usage patterns, especially direct lung aspiration (DL) patterns.
Compared to oral inhalation (MTL), direct pulmonary inhalation consumes 5 times more e-liquid. Lung smoking patterns typically use lower nicotine levels of cigarette liquid to reduce discomfort caused by excessive consumption of smoke liquid.Inhalation through lung inhalation is more risky than through mouth inhalation. To make this result clearer, more clinical research is needed.
K. Dr. Farsalinos also observed thatNew e-cigarette inhalation modes such as lung smoking add additional satisfaction compared to oral smoking, but this lung smoking mode does not require staying away from cigarettes, which is purely a pleasure.
Jacques le Houezec mentioned thatThere is currently a movement between e-cigarette liquid manufacturers and e-cigarette users to reduce the intensity of nicotine.
Vapers, don't walk too fast and don't reduce the intensity of your nicotine too much. Nicotine itself is harmless.# p#pagination title #e#
----J . Dr. Le Houezec
Dr. Riccardo Polosa once pointed out that many consumers are educated by tobacco control groups and the media that nicotine is the enemy of smokers. For e-cigarette users, this conclusion also applies.The cultural phenomenon of trying to reduce nicotine in various ways has become an motivational marketing tool, but it has become a challenge for real smokers who want to achieve a healthier lifestyle.
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